Each test version also contains varying content scales, clinical subscales, and supplementary scales. Ds Dissimulation Scale (Gough,1954); (58 items); developed on true neurotics verses normals faking neurosis, Ds measures more exaggeration of neurotic symptoms, whereas F and Fb assesses more exaggeration of psychotic or severe symptoms. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. The goal was to develop an instrument that could be used as an objective tool for assessing different psychiatric conditions and their severity. The MMPI has been revised and updated various times to correct gender and racial bias, and to validate the test against new normative samples. 2017 Jul;24(5):555-574. doi: 10.1177/1073191115621791. Last medically reviewed on April 28, 2022. Since these tests can be used for circumstances like employment screenings and custody hearings, test takers may not be completely honest in their answers. p|htZ *%LX'R=fYAoP~N^_"^8e&G;(&+bP*^!18O~>.MBg3p4F .h?c> 1'k&%^?MOCuE|x2KQY <> The MMPI-2 test questions consist of 567 true-false and take approximately 60 to 90 minutes to complete; the MMPI-2-RF has 338 true-false questions, taking 35 to 50 minutes to finish. Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. MMPI-2 Validity Scales - IResearchNet - Psychology Some have been developed independently from the MMPI-2 test itself. hb```a``@Y8&00Wp`! $AA&a6P8nYaxIgBn;Td}2](5uNn;R*N\q&9 `F)FUh2 Pe`yX,RaCj ,_4pZBA@+T6P~1L# H3C8AD WO endstream endobj 90 0 obj <>/OCGs[107 0 R]>>/Pages 83 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 91 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 92 0 obj <>stream 7 0 obj Lawyers also use the MMPI as forensic evidence in criminal defense and custody disputes. Determining whether it's mania or hypomania is one step toward finding the best treatment. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. Mania vs. Hypomania: Whats the Difference? The present study evaluated the MMPI-3 Validity Scales in the identification of such response bias. xU]hU>sg -?m 2VMIfS*tv6;df&O>*6/J5 Validity Scales . Specific interpretive cut scores points are available but, generally, high scores (i.e., a significantly higher F than K) indicate overreporting of psychopathology, low scores (i.e., a significantly higher K than F) indicate underreporting of psychopathology, and intermediate scores indicate accurate item endorsement. The MMPI-2-RF contains 338 items, contains 9 validity and 42 homogeneous substantive scales, and allows for a straightforward interpretation strategy. The MMPI is most commonly used by mental health professionals to assess and diagnose mental illness, but it has also been utilized in other fields outside of clinical psychology. stream TLiVw7#NNma4f,T&4 College students completed a battery of criterion measures before assignment to a Standard Instructions (SIs) Group (n = 288), an . 1116 Here are a few ways you can support someone experiencing paranoia. << /Length 11 0 R /N 1 /Alternate /DeviceGray /Filter /FlateDecode >> The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is one of the most commonly used psychological tests in the United States. F Scale - Infrequency (Hathaway & McKinley, 1951) (60 items). That is, people who are highly educated and getting along well with other individuals, should score moderately high on the K scale. It reflects a wide variety of areas including bizarre thought processes and peculiar perceptions, social alienation, poor familial relationships, difficulties in concentration and impulse control, lack of deep interests, disturbing questions of self-worth and self-identity, and sexual difficulties. MeSH In R. P. Archer & E. M. A. Wheeler (Eds.). They were being defensive by claiming that they had no psychological problems. % This can be also be High due to severe psychopathology. Kim S, et al. 13 0 obj If someone with a history of psychological problems scores high, then they are being defensive. K Scale - Defensiveness (McKinley, Hathaway & Meehl, 1948). PDF THE MMPI-2 AND MMPI-2-RF by Yossef S. Ben-Porath, Ph.D. - California adequate measures. MMPI-2: Assessing personality and psychopathology (4th ed.). %PDF-1.5 xx)o[%@dr/]rUYDY8eHJz~6b zzOit?mnvs?xqkw9L+?nF;p}|8t"}?=\F/.H}RyD'CG}mG:*r*Sg.[ The test can be scored by hand or by a computer, but the results should always be interpreted by a qualified mental health professional that has had extensive training in MMPI interpretation. Learn all about the MMPI and how its meant to help you. Low scores (T<45), possible fake good profile. PDF MMPI-3 Interpretive Worksheet - Ohio University They originally developed the test to be used in the Department of Psychology at the University of Minnesota. Before The hysteria scale tracks five aspects of a person: A high score on this scale could point to a variety of mental health disorders, such as anxiety, paranoia, or dissociative disorders. By Kendra Cherry Here is the revised and expanded edition of the indispensable companion for every mental Also included are the nine RC Scales (identical in composition to the ones scored on the MMPI-2) and PSY-5 Scales (revised to be scored from the reduced item pool). The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the stream People who score high on this scale deliberately try to present themselves in the most positive way possible, rejecting shortcomings or unfavorable characteristics. Pearson Assessments US. It measures people's mental health and provides evidence of mental disorders. The following improvements were introduced: new norms more representative of the population Verywell Mind articles are reviewed by board-certified physicians and mental healthcare professionals. Highly correlated with the K scale. stream Psych Central does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. MMPI-2 (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2): Manual for administration, scoring, and interpretation (Rev. Only professionals who can provide the required credentials can buy the test from Pearson Assessments. TRIN offers additional information about response sets or styles that may affect the profile, measuring the degree to which the examinee responded inconsistently by endorsing items similar in content, but phrased as opposites, as both true or as both false. K scale items were selected to assist in identifying individuals who displayed significant psychopathology yet had profiles within the normal range. h254V0P054Q03Rw/+Q02L)(M6!vvpf`BY)#1TNSkP0 Z' endstream endobj 1941 0 obj <>stream People have always had concerns over the reliability and accuracy of the MMPI ever since it was first published in 1942. PDF Interpretation of MMPI-2 Validity Scales - Pearson Assessments MMPI-A PSY-5 Scales. PDF Robert P. Archer Richard W. Handel Yossef S. Ben-Porath Auke Tellegen The MMPI- Since these tests can be used for circumstances like employment screenings and custody hearings, test takers may not be completely honest in their answers. MMPI History: A Brief History of the MMPI Instruments. The Generalizability of Overreporting Across Self-Report Measures: An Investigation With the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form and the Personality Assessment Inventory in a Civil Disability Sample. of maintaining continuity with the original MMPI, the basic Validity Scales (L, F, and K) were also left unchanged except for deleting four objectionable items from the F Scale, and the MMPI2 Clinical Scales were nearly identical to those of the MMPI. However, mental health professionals don't rely on the results alone when making a diagnosis. << /Type /Page /Parent 3 0 R /Resources 6 0 R /Contents 4 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 612 792] Boston: Allyn & Bacon. Pearson Assessments; 1989. 2023 Dotdash Media, Inc. All rights reserved. . Primarily, the MMPI is used to help mental health professionals assess and diagnose mental health conditions such as schizophrenia, depression, and anxiety. Third, the extent to which the examinee accurately self-described symptoms and did not over- or underreport psychopathology is evaluated. lKVzf5+gALS;!t)Qs6L\tsVD1IK6t,Xm5-as_jDOwN!ZY Q5z)jE!-ZT.+u}T9/jExuk;:A ";xGGHL@R(f 2H0pl@,\`;4(|``X4gc#m-D008L4s8: i`<3B!: da endstream endobj 195 0 obj <>/OCGs[212 0 R]>>/Pages 187 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 196 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 197 0 obj <>stream Also included are feelings of grandiosity and egocentricity. High scores may be due to obsessiveness, defensiveness, difficulty in reading, confusion, hostility, or paranoia. All rights reserved. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Validity Scales | mmpi-info Read our, Things to Consider When Taking the MMPI Test, The Use of Self-Report Data in Psychology, How Self-Report Inventories Are Used in Psychology. hln0_epN$ bTU=X8;%hfY!S d It also has sub-scales that assess the test taker's belief in human goodness, serenity, contentment with life, patience/denial of irritability, and denial of moral flaws. Developed like the F scale, it is made up of items that are endorsed less than 10% of the time by normals (but frequently by disturbed individuals). (MMPI-2) 40 items found after item 280. The FBS (Fake Bad Scale) consists of items infrequently endorsed by personal injury litigants that tap somatic rather than psychiatric symptoms. Mp- Positive Malingering Scale (Cofer et al. It is important to remember that the MMPI is just one tool that your therapist might use to make a diagnosisthey won't rely on these results alone. (n.d.). People may underreport because they're worried about being judged or they may be minimizing their problems or denying that they have any problems at all. The MMPI is the most frequently used and most extensively researched psychological assessment tool. . Why the Thematic Apperception Test Is Used in Therapy, How the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Works, Daily Tips for a Healthy Mind to Your Inbox, The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2, MMPI History: A Brief History of the MMPI Instruments, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-Adolescent, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality InventoryAdolescent-Resctructed Form (MMPI-A-RF), Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-3 (MMPI-3), Of psychometric means: Starke R. Hathaway and the popularization of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, MMPI-3: Manual for Administration, Scoring, and Interpretation. What Is the Bipolar Spectrum Diagnostic Scale? The "superlative self-presentation" scale was developed in 1995 to look for additional underreporting. This scale identifies abnormal fears, self-criticism, and concentration difficulty. Interpret somatic scales cautiously . Development of a q-set for MMPI-2 research with substance abusing endstream hb```a``j cb O6(1n`hbK*cRL\ The F (Infrequency) scale includes items selected to detect unusual or atypical responses. Researchers recommended that clinicians could use the MMPI to help detect and treat groups with a high risk of suicide. Research and clinical applications of q-methodology, in which a set of descriptive statements are sorted into a forced, quasi-normal distribution, have recently been extended to validation of integrated interpretations of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2nd Edition (MMPI-2). hLA@27!t Cyu7aoid;qzaBccXJNo+iFs37b;!rLpaF&>:&? L],So )3 endstream endobj 1940 0 obj <>stream The test grew to become one of the most widely used psychological assessments. Interpretation of MMPI-2 Validity Scales Author: Nickerson Created Date: 20141020190118Z . The 9 Validity Scales consist of 7 revised MMPI-2 validity indicators and two new scales. 4 0 obj (MMPI-2) 23 pairs of items that are semantically inconsistent. File Type PDF Mmpi Interpretation Guide Mmpi Interpretation Guide Assessing Adolescent Psychopathology: MMPI-A / MMPI-A-RF, Fourth Edition provides . Though some inconsistent responding is not unusual, high levels suggest that the examinee may have responded randomly or had reading comprehension difficulties or had been confused, careless, uncooperative, or overtly psychotic. The validity scales examined included the Response Bias Scale (RBS), the Symptom Validity Scales (FBS, FBS-r), Infrequent Somatic Responses scale (Fs), and the Henry . Very high scores are usually a sign of defensiveness. Also referred to as the lie scale, this "uncommon virtues" validity scale was developed to detect attempts by individuals to present themselves in a favorable light. This scale asks questions designed to determine if test-takers are contradicting themselves in their responses. PDF MMPI-2-RF Technical Manual - Chapter 1 - Pearson Assessments (2015). The 9 Best Online Guided Meditation Options in 2022. This literature is reviewed following a brief discussion of a conceptual framework that guides MMPI-2-RF validity scale interpretation. Would you like email updates of new search results? The MMPI also has built-in validity scales designed to identify how a person approached the test, such as whether they attempted to present themselves differently from how they actually view themselves. PDF Annotated Sample Report Low scores of 5 or less responded with a "nay-saying" test set, responding mainly "False.". Scale scores shown in bold font are interpreted in the report. Utility of the MMPI-3 validity scales for detecting overreporting and Structured Interview of Reported Symptoms. %PDF-1.6 % The MMPI result will be just one factor in the diagnosis the clinician may make and the treatment theyll recommend. The K scale was derived from individuals who were hospitalized, clearly having serious psychological problems and yet producing normal profiles. ASMR: Why Certain Sounds Soothe Your Mind, 4 Relationship Behaviors That Often Lead to Divorce, non-responding or inconsistent responding (CNS, VRIN, TRIN), over-reporting, or exaggerating psychological symptoms, popularly called faking bad (F, Fb, Fp, FBS), under-reporting, or reducing psychological symptoms, popularly called faking good (L, K, S). Psychological testing is a process in which a series of tests are used to help diagnose and treat mental health conditions. Reports often vary. These items point to a lack of social skills and a preference to be among small groups or alone. Additionally, the MMPI is copyrighted by the University of Minnesota, which means clinicians must pay to administer and utilize the test. In all, if an overreporting scale is elevated, it is likely the examinee responded in a manner that exaggerated impressions of experienced psychopathology. Scores of 13 or more would be considered invalid. Validity Scales The L scale includes items selected to identify examinees who are trying to avoid answering items honestly so as to create an overly positive impression. endobj Brief Interpretations | mmpi-info L Lie Scale (Hathaway and McKinley, 1951) (15 items). 89 0 obj <> endobj 104 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<54339E6A153B98552CDFAC6CA92B2F0F><87CD7252D376476280D5BBA2AC05F552>]/Index[89 37]/Info 88 0 R/Length 90/Prev 552530/Root 90 0 R/Size 126/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream (30 items) K is a subtle and valuable correction for defensiveness. You may feel apprehensive about the test and the possibility of being diagnosed with a mental health condition. 2 MMPI-2 Validity-Scales - University of Minnesota Press It doesnt use percentile ranks that indicate how well you did on the test. SuperlaveSelfPresentaon(S) DevelopedbyButcherandHan(1995)toidenfyunder reporngwiththeenreMMPI2itempool 50items,44keyedFalse . As with K, if the person is indeed high functioning, a high score accurately measures ego strength. Pearson; 2020. PMC While the MMPI is not a perfect test, it remains a valuable tool in the diagnosis and treatment of mental illness. Intro: Overview of MMPI: The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is a psychological test that evaluates and determines personality characteristics. MMPI Test: The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory - Verywell Mind This study describes the development of a Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2) scale designed to detect negative response bias in forensic neuropsychological or disability assessment settings. University of Minnesota. The MMPI is considered reliable; however, it is just one tool of many to diagnose mental health conditions. Licensed Psychologist All Rights Reserved. PDF Manual for Administration, Scoring, and Interpretation These training slides provide an overview of the MMPI-2, including a description of the scales comprising the test, as well as information about the materials available to score and interpret test results. K assumes psychopathology. 1983-2011 Robert M. Gordon, Ph.D. ABPP. Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group. Here are the main DID signs. University of Minnesota Press. It's a self-reporting inventory that evaluates where. %PDF-1.6 % ~MH XW\xjsTf)Hml5+e?C Xznp Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. . If you have questions, you should be given the opportunity to ask beforehand by the test administrator. The recently released Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-3 (MMPI-3) includes a revised set of Validity Scales on which there is currently limited validity and clinical utility evidence for the detection of overreporting. The 567-item MMPI-2 is composed of over 120 scales. The test also contains validity scales that can be helpful for detecting issues with the results such as conscious or unconscious attempts to manipulate the results of the assessment. The items on this scale concern physical symptoms and well-being. In response to these issues, the MMPI underwent a revision in the late 1980s. Advanced MMPI-3 Validity Scales Interpretation On Demand with 3 APA CEs A103000321022 Qualification Level C This learning track is designed for individuals who have completed the live or on-demand "Introduction to the MMPI-3" workshop and/or reviewed the MMPI-3 Training Modules or are otherwise familiar with the updated version of the test. fHh=Jy\[z$K5imo9C&d20@BNgPi}QX!`}T^7g. This means the test and its materials are not freely available to the public. Clinical and Validity scales in the combinations are at a T-score of 70 or above, unless otherwise noted and are listed in order from the highest to the lowest peaks. It was utilized in psychology clinics, hospitals, correctional facilities, and pre-employment screenings. PDF Interpretation of MMPI-2 Clinical Scales 2 0 obj Your mental health and medical history will be considered, along with your experiences. Instead, be ready to answer the questions as honestly as possible. original MMPI scale elevations. h4;k1zA80\LJcR%Hl]$G}xV)67dciWyu;%4^[vxz`Kt8c\40L ,`]U9BS2H_Q*E:~+98+GF,6f0l7APn9_ Ms{zy|yo" /G|gEcQO~PB>xw[Q,>}~ti/~qi/ endstream endobj 1939 0 obj <>stream We're unpacking the Four Horseman of the. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Very high scores (T> 90) commonly found with psychotic patients. It may measure a conscious attempt to give a favorable impression. A norm is a statistic or set of statistics (such as average, standard deviations, and score ranges) that researchers compare an individuals score against. The MMPI manual recommends that any test with 30 or more unanswered questions should be declared invalid. They can also measure aspects of mental or social functioning that dont necessarily indicate a disorder. Marion BE, Sellbom M, Salekin RT, Toomey JA, Kucharski LT, Duncan S. Law Hum Behav. Disclaimer. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal {@QpdWKWfIL_gw,FVZ \" HI!/=TuVl_\SUpG#nfHpP:5v[y)jV3DuYZ@(f z$MRJIjyP N;Fs]H0/dh2TsqF'_m?T8z{g/L9>ZLM%\A d9#-5Whoz}jb}V-fJ"b%D%Y8)%r7dD >XfnZc\3nor9tC$a@4J v1oE If this criteria is not met, then go to the next rule: if L.>6, K>22, L and K T> F Tscore, F-K<-19, Repression >T69 and Anxiety < T60, then shift the criteria down to include>T62. <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> ?kI?3!p}jss6H[|Q. Highly correlated with the K scale. 1 0 obj You wont find the test items online, except for a few examples. National Library of Medicine The present study evaluated the MMPI-3 Validity Scales in the identification of such response bias. This study aimed to develop a q-set customized for individuals diagnosed with substance abuse or those . Interpretation of the MMPI-A A. Return to Criminal Responsibility assessment overview. The Variable Response Inconsistency (VRIN) scale is another method developed to detect inconsistent, random responses. endstream This scale points to difficulty with family and authority figures. xO6s$Ktl65Gl$o= 3o)El)e#;y!!nL~:3^&L7RlmUy$q%?~ A very low K could often be the only indication of psychopathology on an MMPI profile. This scale was originally used to measure excessive doubts, compulsions, obsessions, and unreasonable fears. These training slides provide an overview of the MMPI-2, including a description of the scales comprising the test, as well as information about the materials available to score and interpret test results. In addition, 14 critical item sets are provided, including 7 Depression/Suicidal Ideation items. This scale was originally designed to identify depression, characterized by poor morale, lack of hope in the future, and general dissatisfaction with one's own life situation. Women also tend to score higher than men on this scale. ? Poor insight and denial of problems are likely in these individuals. Association of MMPI Validity Scales and Therapist Ratings of Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Practical management of pain. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Today, it's the most frequently used clinical testing instrument and is one of the most researched psychological tests in existence. endobj Its one tool within a large diagnostic toolbox, and its constantly being reviewed and revised. The highest and lowest T scores possible on each scale are indicated by a "---"; MMPI-2-RF T scores are non-gendered. The "symptom validity" scale is used for people who are taking the test because they're claiming that they had a personal injury or disability. pbmT*Ivxp9$!mSmflO,y?.HsY Others argued that the results indicated possible test bias, while others felt the test itself contained sexist and racist questions. Those who are well-educated and of a high social class tend to score higher on this scale. The MMPI-2-RF has been in use for five years, during which a substantial literature has accumulated on the nine validity scales of the inventory. Each scale is made of a specific group of questions (unknown to the test. 2010 Dec;22(4):757-67. doi: 10.1037/a0020825. )$ (Lb T8. It can also be due to over or underreporting, fixed responding, becoming tired, or being under severe stress. MMPI-3: A new norm [Video file]. Chapter 16: Psychological and behavioral assessment. A tally of omitted items. Although some self-report instruments (e.g., the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, MMPI) have specifically been designed to consider the effects of participants' response styles in their disclosure of psychopathology, many of the most commonly used instruments (e.g., the revised edition of the Symptom Checklist-90, SCL-90-R; the Beck Depression Inventory, BDI) do not. PDF Week 10 The MMPI-A - WKU The MMPI has built-in clinical scales that describe a person's psychological processes and how they respond to stress. It includes nine Validity Scales (seven of which are modified versions of the MMPI-2 Validity Scales). MMPI-A-RF FAQs University of Minnesota Press As with K, if the person is indeed high functioning, a high score accurately measures ego strength. There are a variety of versions of the MMPI in general use today: These versions of the test are based on different norms and clinical scales. Epub 2021 Feb 25. University of Minnesota Press. 4.rQb$er b2)d}{wxZk6Nl,1'_Oy%^g6p~P*sgr[N'|=dWfd8kaGG1Uw8,f9ea =\?Yq*IrZb6-\. It also includes items that might reflect delusions. << /Length 5 0 R /Filter /FlateDecode >> These scales overlap, but generally, high scale scores point to a high risk of having a mental health disorder. MMPI-2 Training Slides University of Minnesota Press Butcher, J. N., Graham, J. R., Ben-Porath, Y. S., Tellegen, A., Dahlstrom, W. G., & Kaemmer, B. This scale is designed to show changes in how a person responded in the first half of the test versus how they responded in the second half by using questions that most normal respondents didn't support. gy\=!F;A!EsYLb`B tOkh?jh+@KJ_JJW Rk5z_@,]Iq~{h0f If these criteria are not met, print statements from any single elevated scale . Developed by having college students take the MMPI under conditions, of fake good, fake bad and normal. Verywell Mind uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Interpretation of MMPI-2 Validity Scales. Today, it is used to assess how much or how little a person identifies how rigidly an individual identifies with stereotypical male and female gender roles. F(p)- Infrequency-Psychopathology Scale (Aribisi and Ben-Porath,1995a, 1995b); (27 items); the F scale was developed on normals who responded to items less than 10% of the time. This scale is used to detect attempts at overreporting. They used an empirical approach in the construction of the various scales of the MMPI. 152-155 (Hathaway and McKinley, 1989). PDF MMPI-2 Interpretation Guide Plus, four ASMR YouTubers, With decades of data from studying real couples, Dr. John Gottman's predictors of divorce are 93% accurate. If you've been asked to take the MMPI, there isn't anything you need to do to prepare. Bookshelf This scale was designed to assess a neurotic concern over bodily functioning. Interpretation of MMPI-2 validity scales. Validity Indicators Superlative Self-Presentation Subscales Clinical Scales Restructured Clinical (RC) Scales Content Scales Content Component Scales Supplementary Scales Clinical Subscales (Harris-Lingoes and Social Introversion Subscales) VALIDITY INDICATORS ? The most commonly used validity measures include the L (Lie), K (Correction), and F (Infrequency) scales. https://www.upress.umn.edu/test-division/mmpi-2/mmpi-2-training-slides, The MMPI-2 Restructured Clinical (RC) Scales, nterpretation of MMPI-2 Content, Supplementary, and PSY-5 Scales, MMPI-2 Computerized Scoring and Interpretation. PDF Free PDF Download Mmpi And Mmpi 2 Interpretation Manual For Counselors Twenty or more left unanswered should be considered significant. Epub 2015 Dec 16. Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author and educational consultant focused on helping students learn about psychology. Very high scores may indicate depression, while moderate scores tend to reveal a general dissatisfaction with ones life.