The employer shall operate his presses within the tonnage and attachment weight ratings specified by the manufacturer. Visors or other accessory equipment shall not be included as a part of the guard when measuring the guard opening, unless such equipment has strength equal to that of the guard. (3) Conveyors. a. 1910.306 Specific purpose equipment and installations. The guard shall be fastened to the frame carrying the rolls so as to remain in adjustment for any thickness of stock. 1910.1020 Access to employee exposure and medical records. tensile strength 60,000 p.s.i.) The application need not be submitted on a Federal form. This should enhance the reliability of the device and ensure that it remains operable. 1910.309-1910.330 [Reserved], 1910.331 Scope. (4) Power controls and operating controls should be located within easy reach of the operator while he is at his regular work location, making it unnecessary for him to reach over the cutter to make adjustments. Such mesh or perforated metal shall be not less than 0.037 inch (U.S. Gage No. 1910.1051 1,3-Butadiene. Such cross-referencing of specific requirements from paragraphs (a) through (g) of this section is intended only to enhance convenience and understanding in relating to the new provisions to the existing standard, and is not to be construed as limiting the applicability of other provisions in paragraphs (a) through (g) of this section. (ii) Type 27 and Type 28 wheels, because of their shape and usage, require specially designed adaptors. Surface Feet per minute .262 12 1,000 = 3,144 s.f.p.m. 1910.36 Design and construction requirements for exit routes. Such changes in operational conditions as die changes or press relocations not involving disassembly or revision to the safety system would not require recertification/revalidation.). [39 FR 23502, June 27, 1974, as amended at 43 FR 49750, Oct. 24, 1978; 43 FR 51760; Nov. 7, 1978; 49 FR 5323, Feb. 10, 1984; 61 FR 9227, March 7, 1996; 69 FR 31882, June 8, 2004], Occupational Safety & Health Administration. citations and headings 1910.123 Dipping and coating operations: Coverage and definitions. The hood and mounting shall be arranged so that the hood will automatically adjust itself to the thickness of and remain in contact with the material being cut but it shall not offer any considerable resistance to insertion of material to saw or to passage of the material being sawed. Push sticks or push blocks shall be provided at the work place in the several sizes and types suitable for the work to be done. The route followed by the oiler is protected in such manner as to prevent accident. Flanges shall be dimensionally accurate and in good balance. Hangers. This preliminary decision will be sent to the applicant and subsequently published in the Federal Register. (7) All cracked saws shall be removed from service. [39 FR 23502, June 27, 1974, as amended at 43 FR 49750, Oct. 24, 1978; 49 FR 5323, Feb. 10, 1984; 61 FR 9240, Mar. PART 1910OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS. (11) Hydraulic equipment. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Outreach Training Program (10- and 30-hour Cards), OSHA Training Institute Education Centers, Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance. (7) Direct drive means the type of driving arrangement wherein no clutch is used; coupling and decoupling of the driving torque is accomplished by energization and deenergization of a motor. (See paragraph (d)(5) of this section.). (iii) Be constructed and installed in a manner to monitor brake system performance on each stroke. The intent of paragraph (h)(9)(iii) is to prohibit use of mirrors to bend a single light curtain sensing field around corners to cover more than one side of a press. The driving flange shall be securely fastened to the spindle and the bearing surface shall run true. You can a. The hood shall be made of adequate strength to resist blows and strains incidental to reasonable operation, adjusting, and handling, and shall be so designed as to protect the operator from flying splinters and broken saw teeth. The certification/validation process shall verify that the safety system complies with the OSHA safety requirements as follows: 1. The hazard created by a guide post (when it is located in the immediate vicinity of the operator) when separated from its bushing by more than one-fourth inch shall be considered as a point of operation hazard and be protected in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section. Types of Tests Acceptable for Certification/Validation. Shall have legal authority to perform the validation of certification; 2. The validation organization may charge any complainant the reasonable charge for repeating tests needed for the resolution of disputes. The employer shall provide clearance between machines so that movement of one operator will not interfere with the work of another. (2) Instruction to operators. 1910.111 Storage and handling of anhydrous ammonia. 1910.1048 Formaldehyde. d. When the change of state is motion, the measurement shall be made at the completion of the motion. Steam or air piping shall conform to the specifications of American National Standard ANSI B31.1.0-1967, Power Piping with Addenda issued before April 28, 1971, which is incorporated by reference as specified in 1910.6. (2) All knives and cutting heads of woodworking machines shall be kept sharp, properly adjusted, and firmly secured. The outside periphery of the enclosure shall be solid. (ii) Safety triprod. This distance shall apply to the actual working level, whether it be at the general floor level, in a pit, or on a platform. The analysis reports should identify: (1) The basis for the analysis; (2) the hardware or software items analyzed; (3) conclusions; (4) safety factors; and (5) limit of the analysis. b. (iv) Prevents the initiation of a stroke, or stops of stroke in progress, when there is an intrusion through the sensing field by any part of the operator's body or by any other object. (iii) Cast steel, or structural steel, safety guards as specified in Figures O-36 and O-37 and Table O-9 shall be used where operating speeds of wheels are faster than 8,000 surface feet per minute up to a maximum of 16,000 surface feet per minute. Die keys and shims shall be made from a grade of material that will not unduly crack or splinter. (2) Each circular resaw (other than self-feed saws with a roller or wheel at back of the saw) shall be provided with a spreader fastened securely behind the saw. Table O-7 - Minimum Dimensions for Straight Flanges - for Mechanical Grinders 12,500 S.F.P.M. 1910.16 Longshoring and marine terminals. The PSDI set-up/reset means required by paragraph (h)(6)(iv) may be initiated by the actuation of a special momentary pushbutton or by the actuation of a special momentary pushbutton and the initiation of a first stroke with two hand controls. There shall be no rough surfaces or sharp edges. The guard shall be constructed of heavy material, preferably metal, and the edge of the guard shall come to within three-eighths inch of the plane formed by the inside face of the feed roll in contact with the stock being cut. 1910.307 Hazardous (classified) locations. (a) As used in 1910.213 and 1910.214 unless the context clearly requires otherwise, the following woodworking machinery terms shall have the meaning prescribed in this paragraph. Inspection shall be made of belts, lacings, and fasteners and such equipment kept in good repair. (14) Holdout or restraint device means a mechanism, including attachments for operator's hands, that when anchored and adjusted prevent the operator's hands from entering the point of operation. (ii) At least annually thereafter, the safety system on a mechanical power press used in the PSDI mode shall be recertified by the employer and revalidated by an OSHA-recognized third-party validation organization to meet all applicable requirements of paragraphs (a) through (h) and appendix A of this section. The OSHA-recognized third-party validation organization shall conduct tests, and/or review and evaluate the employer's installation, tests, documentation and representations. b. 2. (i) Limitations: Special supporting, back adapter and inside flange nuts are required for the proper mounting of these types of wheels subject to limitations of 1910.215(c)(4) (i) and (ii). They shall be of rigid construction and designed to be adjustable to compensate for wheel wear. (5) Electrical power supply variations of 15 percent. 1910.2 Definitions. (ii) Table O-5, and Table O-7 and Figures O-31, O-33, O-34 show minimum dimensions for straight adaptor flanges for use with wheels having holes larger than the spindle. (60) Brake monitor means a sensor designed, constructed, and arranged to monitor the effectiveness of the press braking system. After receipt of a notification of preliminary disapproval, the applicant may submit a revised application for further review by OSHA pursuant to subsection I.B. EN 618:2002+A1:2010, Continuous handling equipment and systems - Safety and EMC requirements for equipment for mechanical handling of bulk materials except fixed belt conveyors EN 619:2002+A1:2010, Continuous handling equipment and systems - Safety and EMC requirements for equipment for mechanical handling of unit loads (h) Modified types 6 and 11 wheels (terrazzo). These tests shall specify the acceptable tolerance band sufficient to assure that tolerance build-up will not render the safety distance unsafe. OSHA Machine Guarding Standards - Machine Guard & Cover Co. The spreader shall be attached so that it will remain in true alignment with the saw even when either the saw or table is tilted. (3) Work area. (ii) Shafting under bench machines shall be enclosed by a stationary casing, or by a trough at sides and top or sides and bottom, as location requires. (2) Shutoff valve. No extra microswitches or interlocking sensors would be required. 1910.1014 2-Acetylaminofluorene. (2) The report shall include the following information: (i) Employer's name, address and location of the workplace (establishment). Guarding. (vi) Certain Type 1 and Type 27A cutting-off wheels. Openings for oiling. b. Adjustable guard to be used for starting engine or for running adjustment may be provided at the flywheel of gas or oil engines. (52) Stop control means an operator control designed to immediately deactivate the clutch control and activate the brake to stop slide motion. The PSDI safety system shall remain under certification/validation for the shorter of one year or until the system hardware is changed, modified or refurbished, or operating conditions are changed (including environmental, application or facility changes), or a failure of a critical component has occurred. A recognized validation organization may change a test method of the PSDI safety system certification/validation program by notifying the Assistant Secretary of the change, certifying that the revised method will be at least as effective as the prior method, and providing the supporting data upon which its conclusions are based. See paragraph (b) of 1910.215. For installation certification/validation and annual recertification/revalidation, in the first stage the employer certifies or recertifies that the employer is installing or utilizing a PSDI safety system validated as meeting the design requirements of 29 CFR 1910.217 (a) through (h) and this appendix A by an OSHA-recognized third-party validation organization and that the installation, operation and maintenance meet the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.217 (a) through (h) and this appendix A. 1926.555 (a) (5) Where a conveyor passes over work areas, aisles, or thoroughfares, suitable guards shall be provided to protect employees required to work below the conveyors. (i) The cone belt and pulley shall be equipped with a belt shifter so constructed as to adequately guard the nip point of the belt and pulley. (3) Limit chains or other equally effective devices shall be provided to prevent the saw from swinging beyond the front or back edges of the table, or beyond a forward position where the gullets of the lowest saw teeth will rise above the table top. guide. Crossing Over Conveyors Safely The certification/validation process should also confirm that residual hazards identified by operational analysis are addressed by warning, labeling safety instructions or other appropriate means. (11) Off-hand grinding means the grinding of any material or part which is held in the operator's hand. The procedures shall be based on pertinent OSHA standards and test methods, or other publicly available standards and test methods generally recognized as appropriate in the field, such as national consensus standards or published standards of professional societies or trade associations. 1. 39 FR 23502, June 27, 1974, unless otherwise noted. All sprocket wheels and chains shall be enclosed unless they are more than seven (7) feet above the floor or platform. (5) Universal joints on spindles of boring machines shall be completely enclosed in such a way as to prevent accidental contact by the operator. (iv) The following are some of the machines which usually require point of operation guarding: (4) Barrels, containers, and drums. A slot opening for jack bar will be permitted. (3) Belt perches. Mills and calenders in the rubber and plastics industries. 2. 1. (ii) furnish and enforce the use of hand tools for freeing and removing stuck work or scrap pieces from the die, so that no employee need reach into the point of operation for such purposes. (iii) Where brake engagement and clutch release is effected by spring action, such spring(s) shall operate in compression on a rod or within a hole or tube, and shall be of non-interleaving design. 1910.1024 Beryllium. The validation organization shall in its installation validation, state that in what circumstances, if any, the employer has advance approval for adjustment, when prior oral approval is appropriate and when prior approval must be in writing. (3) Steam hammers mean a type of drop hammer where the ram is raised for each stroke by a double-action steam cylinder and the energy delivered to the workpiece is supplied by the velocity and weight of the ram and attached upper die driven downward by steam pressure. 1910.159 Automatic sprinkler systems. (B) Alternatives to photo-electric light curtains may be used for PSDI when the employer can demonstrate, through tests and analysis by the employer or the manufacturer, that the alternative is as safe as the photo-electric light curtain, that the alternative meets the conditions of this section, has the same long term reliability as light curtains and can be integrated into the entire safety system as provided for in this section. (vi) It shall be the responsibility of the employer to ensure the competence of personnel caring for, inspecting, and maintaining power presses equipped for PSDI operation, through initial and periodic training. Mechanical and electrical equipment and auxiliaries shall be installed in accordance with this section and subpart S of this part. This hood or shield shall be so designed as to guard against danger from flying splinters or broken saw teeth. Analysis. (e) Trip and emergency switches. The press manufacturer's recommendations shall be followed. March 1, 2022 | Occupational Safety and Health Administration (1) Machine guarding. 1910.27 Scaffolds and rope descent systems. (3) Each hand-fed circular ripsaw shall be provided with nonkickback fingers or dogs so located as to oppose the thrust or tendency of the saw to pick up the material or to throw it back toward the operator. (1) Hazards to personnel associated with broken or falling machine components. b. (iv) For cutting-off wheels 16 inches diameter and smaller and where speed does not exceed 16,000 surface feet per minute, cast iron or malleable iron safety guards as specified in Figures O-36 and O-37, and in Table O-9 shall be used. 1910.1002 Coal tar pitch volatiles; interpretation of term. Appendices to Subpart L of Part 1910Note 1910.272 Grain handling facilities. Consistency of braking action is enhanced by high brake torque. (c) The safety distance (Dm) between the two hand trip and the point of operation shall be greater than the distance determined by the following formula: Dm = minimum safety distance (inches); 63 inches/second = hand speed constant; Tm = the maximum time the press takes for the die closure after it has been tripped (seconds). Even though not employing a clutch, direct drives match the operational characteristics of part revolution clutches because the driving power may be disengaged during the stroke of the press. Press brakes, hydraulic and pneumatic power presses, bulldozers, hot bending and hot metal presses, forging presses and hammers, riveting machines and similar types of fastener applicators are excluded from the requirements of this section. (ix) A scale guard of substantial construction shall be provided at the back of every press, so arranged as to stop flying scale. Higher pressures may be permitted, however, to increase clutch torque to free jammed dies, provided positive measures are provided to prevent the higher pressure at other times. site when drafting amendatory language for Federal regulations: Side grinding wheel having a wall flared or tapered outward from the back. If such a guard is constructed of sheet metal, the material used shall be not less than one-sixteenth inch in thickness; and if cast iron is used, it shall not be less than three-sixteenths inch in thickness. 3. It shall be readily accessible and operate whether pushed or pulled. Both types are reinforced, organic bonded wheels having offset hubs which permit side and peripheral grinding operations without interference with the mounting. round belts one-half (12) inch or less in diameter; and. The employer shall provide means for handling scrap from roll feed or random length stock operations. (1) Feed rolls and saws shall be protected by a hood or guard to prevent the hands of the operator from coming in contact with the in-running rolls at any point. The safety factor and/or derated percentage shall be specifically noted and complied with. (Ts is defined as the sum of the kinetic energy dissipation time plus the pneumatic/magnetic/hydraulic reaction time of the clutch/brake operating mechanism(s).). The validation organization or the validating laboratory shall own a registered certification/validation mark or logo. (12) Pressure vessels. 1910.102 Acetylene. OSHA may inspect the facilities of the third-party validation organization and any validating laboratory, and while there shall review any additional documentation underlying the application. ), (7) Automatic snagging machines. When the periphery of the blades of a fan is less than seven (7) feet above the floor or working level, the blades shall be guarded. 2. Design certification/validation for a new safety system, i.e., a new design or new integration of specifically identified components and subsystems, would entail a single certification/validation which would be applicable to all identical safety systems. Spacers shall be equal in diameter to the mounting flanges and have equal bearing surfaces. (2) Safety trip, side. 1910.262 Textiles. (17) Two hand control device means a two hand trip that further requires concurrent pressure from both hands of the operator during a substantial part of the die-closing portion of the stroke of the press. (c) The safety distance (Ds) between each two hand control device and the point of operation shall be greater than the distance determined by the following formula: (d) Two hand controls shall be fixed in position so that only a supervisor or safety engineer is capable of relocating the controls. Where loose pulleys or idlers are not practicable, belt perches in form of brackets, rollers, etc., shall be used to keep idle belts away from the shafts. 2. (iii) Portable units shall be used only in areas where good, general room ventilation is provided. (ii) A gate or movable barrier device shall protect the operator as follows: (a) A Type A gate or movable barrier device shall protect the operator in the manner specified in paragraph (c)(3)(i)(f) of this section, and. (i) Guards for horizontal overhead belts shall run the entire length of the belt and follow the line of the pulley to the ceiling or be carried to the nearest wall, thus enclosing the belt effectively. The recommendations of the brake system manufacturer shall be used to simulate or estimate the brake wear. (iv) Mechanical power presses with a configuration which would allow a person to enter, pass through, and become clear of the sensing field into the hazardous portion of the press shall not be used in the PSDI mode of operation. The direction of the saw rotation shall be conspicuously marked on the hood. (2) On machines driven by belts and shafting, a locking-type belt shifter or an equivalent positive device shall be used. (f) Certain Type 1 and Type 27A cutting-off wheels. 1910.333 Selection and use of work practices. (4) Lathes used for turning long pieces of wood stock held only between the two centers shall be equipped with long curved guards extending over the tops of the lathes in order to prevent the work pieces from being thrown out of the machines if they should become loose. (iii) All mechanical power press controls shall incorporate a type of drive motor starter that will disconnect the drive motor from the power source in event of control voltage or power source failure, and require operation of the motor start button to restart the motor when voltage conditions are restored to normal. Shall be free of operational control and influence of manufacturers, suppliers, vendors, employers, or employee representatives that would impair its integrity of performance; and. Inch is a function used by the die setter for setup of dies and tooling, but is not intended for use during production operations by the operator. 1910.242 Hand and portable powered tools and equipment, general. (1) Each hand-fed planer and jointer with horizontal head shall be equipped with a cylindrical cutting head, the knife projection of which shall not exceed one-eighth inch beyond the cylindrical body of the head. Compliance with 1910.217(h)(7). The following Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) laws and regulations are most commonly applied to industrial machinery: OSHA 29 CFR 1910 General Industry Regulations OSHA 29 CFR 1910.211 Definitions OSHA 29 CFR 1910.212 General Requirements for Guarding All Machines OSHA 29 CFR 1910.213 Woodworking Machinery Requirements Conveyors are a wonderful invention and conveyor safety is important. Belt shippers and shipper poles. (4) Guide post hazard. The written notice shall indicate the termination date. (3) Bolster plate means the plate attached to the top of the bed of the press having drilled holes or T-slots for attaching the lower die or die shoe. (24) Ejector means a mechanism for removing work or material from between the dies. (5) On each machine operated by electric motors, positive means shall be provided for rendering such controls or devices inoperative while repairs or adjustments are being made to the machines they control. Where belts are so located as to make it impracticable to carry the guard to wall or ceiling, construction of guard shall be such as to enclose completely the top and bottom runs of belt and the face of pulleys. (j) Bearings and facilities for oiling. (ii) Posts shall be not more than eight (8) feet apart; they are to be permanent and substantial, smooth, and free from protruding nails, bolts, and splinters. The safety guard shall be mounted so as to maintain proper alignment with the wheel, and the strength of the fastenings shall exceed the strength of the guard, except: (i) Safety guards on all operations where the work provides a suitable measure of protection to the operator, may be so constructed that the spindle end, nut, and outer flange are exposed; and where the nature of the work is such as to entirely cover the side of the wheel, the side covers of the guard may be omitted; and. (vi) Oil swabs, or scale removers, or other devices to remove scale shall be provided. Bearings. (1) Keys. It shall be the responsibility of any person reconstructing, or modifying a mechanical power press to do so in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section. 1910.1 Purpose and scope. (i) Presses with flexible steel band brakes or with mechanical linkage actuated brakes or clutches shall not be used in the PSDI mode. (pounds per square inch) or greater. Content of application. (7) Feeder attachments shall have the feed rolls or other moving parts so covered or guarded as to protect the operator from hazardous points. (v) Tongs shall be of sufficient length to clear the body of the worker in case of kickback, and shall not have sharp handle ends. Appendix A to Subpart T of Part 1910Examples of Conditions Which May Restrict or Limit Exposure to Hyperbaric Conditions (5) Forging presses mean a class of forging equipment wherein the shaping of metal between dies is performed by mechanical or hydraulic pressure, and usually is accomplished with a single workstroke of the press for each die station.